Studies of annual tree rings conducted by experts from the Swiss Federal Research Institute of Forest, Snow and Landscape of the University of Geneva allow us to trace the extent of climate change in the Arctic.
To collect samples, the researchers organized more than twenty expeditions to the Yamal Peninsula in the Russian Arctic, in the riverbeds of which more than 3.500 trunks of petrified trees were found, radiolac.ch reported.
Having studied the annual rings of semi-excavated Yamal trees, which directly reflect summer temperatures, scientists have received information about summer temperatures over the past 7.500 years.
Scientists have come to the conclusion that during the entire study period, the temperature in the Arctic has never been higher than in the last 30 years. At the same time, it was found that the climate steadily cooled until the middle of the 19th century, but with the onset of the industrial revolution, the process of its sharp warming began.
"Our results are an exceptional source that allows us to establish up to a specific year the abnormal rate of warming observed on the peninsula since 1850, and which today reaches unprecedented temperatures over the past 7,500 years," said Patrick Fonti, a dendrochronologist from the Swiss Federal Research Institute of Forest, Snow and Landscape.
According to him, the data obtained will help scientists in the long term to assess the extent of the current warming.
The results of the study, which also involved experts from the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Department of Climate Research at the University of East Anglia in the UK, are published in the journal Nature Communications.
The position of Russian climatologists is less categorical: the climate is changing, but this process is nonlinear and difficult to predict, and the human contribution to climate change may not be decisive, porarctic.ru notes.
Alex Shishlo for Rough&Polished
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